HATEWATCH: BLACK PASTOR WHO THANKED GOD FOR SLAVERY HOSTS ANTI-N.A.A.C.P. RALLY

Black Pastor Who Thanked God for Slavery Hosts Anti-NAACP Rally

by Leah Nelson  on July 22, 2011

Barbara Coe, head of the anti-immigrant hate group California Coalition for Immigration Reform (CCIR) and a self-described member the Council of Conservative Citizens (CCC), which considers black people a “retrograde species of humanity,” will be speaking this Sunday at a tea party rally “to expose NAACP lies and their big government agenda.”

Ho hum, you say? Read on.

The rally, which is scheduled to coincide with the NAACP’s 102^nd annual convention, is being sponsored by the South Central L.A. Tea Party. Its founder is Rev. Jesse Lee Peterson, a controversial black minister and radio personality who once thanked God for slavery; has said that most blacks “lack moral character;” and who in 2009 wrote an article headlined “Obama hates the white man,” for the far-right World Net Daily.

His beef with the NAACP? According to the press release announcing Sunday’s rally, Peterson’s tea party group alleges that, “NAACP has made numerous false allegations of ‘racism’ against Tea Party groups, but has yet to provide a shred of evidence backing up their baseless claims.” (This charge against the NAACP is false. A full report on extremism in the tea party movement can be found at teapartynationalism.com).

Peterson, a former follower of both Jesse Jackson and Louis Farrakhan, has some surprising links to open racists and nativists besides his connection to CCC member Barbara Coe.

Self-described white separatist Virginia Abernethy, who sat on the editorial advisory board of the CCC’s The Citizen’s Informer, told Max Blumenthal of The Nation that she considers Peterson a friend. He was among the putative leaders of Choose Black America, a now-defunct anti-immigrant group launched by the Federation for American Immigration Reform – which itself is a hate group founded and funded by John Tanton, the racist architect of the modern anti-immigrant movement. In May 2006, Peterson faced down protestors who called him a “Sambo” when shared a stage with founding father of the anti-Minuteman movement Jim Gilchrist – who has been known to turn a blind eye to white nationalists in the past. (For more on Peterson, his connections to white nationalists, and his failed attempted to launch a yearly “National Repudiation of Jesse Jackson Day,” see Blumenthal’s excellent 2005 profile, “The Minister of Minstrelsy.”)

Other scheduled speakers at Peterson’s rally include Obama-reviling San Diego talk show host Rick Roberts; anti-abortion Oakland Pastor Walter Hoye; Muslim-bashing rabbi Nachum Shifren; and “Tea Party Review” publisher William Owens, Jr., who is black.

They’re a motley crew. Roberts’ website currently features an article claiming that “Obama doesn’t care about black people.” Hoye was jailed in 2009 for violating a city ordinance requiring protestors to stay at least eight feet from anyone entering an abortion clinic. Shifren spoke at an anti-Muslim rally put on in 2010 by the anti-Semitic English Defence League, saying, “To all my Jewish brothers who have called me a Nazi, and have asked why I’m poking my nose into England’s business, I say to them they don’t have the guts to stand up here and take care of business.”

Peterson should feel right at home.

SOURCE

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I have posted on the so-called Rev. Petersen before in this  post.

His state of mental insanity is still pronounced and has not been attended to.

Since he hangs tight with the likes of Abernethy, let’s see how evolved he will become in their eyes when he runs afoul of the law. Let’s see how many of his fine, upstanding “peaceful” racists cohorts will come to his aid. My bet is that they will scatter like cockroaches when the light is turned on. Dollars to donuts his White friends will drop him like a bad habit, and guess who he will run to for support and help? It definitely will not be the type of racist Whites he is hanging out with.

As for this comment:  “Blacks lack moral character“, it is obvious you not only lack moral character, Rev, you are still in need of that transorbital prefrontal lobotomy you have been running from for the last fifteen years.

As for “retrograde species”, the Tea baggers, Coes, Abernethys, and Petersens of the world are retrograde, atavistic, and pre-pre-Pre Cambrian forms of devolution.

If anything, the N.A.A.C.P. should be suing Petersen and the rest of his ilk for defamation of character, slander, and libel. Obama “hates the White man”? Hmm. More like Petersen hates his own black self, and the Black woman who gave birth to him.

Petersen and Uncle Ruckus would get along just great.

I can see it now. . . .Uncle Ruckus and Rev. Petersen:

He considers Black Americans as less than human and not to be trusted, so he himself cannot be trusted or given respect for how he degrades the title of reverend and that he implys that Blacks are niggers:

Petersen and Ruckus, two of a kind.

Oh, wait!

Rev. Petersen is Uncle Ruckus, in the flesh.

God save us.

BLACK WOMEN IN AMERICA: FLORENCE SMITH PRICE

Black American women composers have been forgotten for decades, but, their music has been catalogued for posterity. One great Black woman composer stands as a giant in her field.

Here is her story.

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Florence Beatrice Smith Price (April 9, 1888 – June 3, 1953), was one of the first Black American women composers to achieve widespread recognition.

The life story of Ms. Price is one filled with amazing accomplishments in the music world during the first half of the 20TH century. Not only would her music career have been a model of success on its own merit, but the historical and cultural contexts of Ms. Price’s work especially establish a unique persona worthy of acclaim. Ms. Price’s legacy was grounded in the pride and fortitude of her parentage, propelling her through a rich array of pursuits in music education and composition. Thus, Florence Price is remembered in the music world as the first Black American woman composer to earn international recognition. Her works have been performed by major orchestras as well as by numerous renowned solo artists.

Florence Beatrice Price was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, the daughter of a politically and socially well-connected family. Her father, James H. Smith, was a dentist who opened his office on Main Street in Little Rock, the first Black to claim that distinction in this southern town in the late 1800s. He married Florence Gulliver, who had been a teacher in the Indianapolis area. Their union produced three children, one son and two daughters. Florence was th youngest. At a very early age  Florence began studying piano with her mother. Her mother presented Florence in public performance when she was four years old. Encouraged in her musical studies throughout her childhood, Florence soon began composing her own music. By the time she was eleven, one of her pieces was in print, and when she was sixteen one of her compositions earned her a fee.

Ms. Price left Little Rock, and studied piano, organ, and composition at the New England Conservatory in Boston, studying with George W. Chadwick, Frederick S. Converse, and Henry M. Dunham. She graduated  in 1906 at the age of eighteen. For the next four years she taught at the Cotton-Plant Arkadelphia Academy and Shorter College in her hometown. She then moved to Atlanta, Georgia in 1910 where she accepted a position as head of the music department  at Clark University.

In 1912, she returned to Little Rock, met and married Thomas Price, and in time became well established as a teacher. Along with piano and organ, Ms. Price offered violin lessons, another instrument she had studied as a child. She soon began to earn recognition for her work, winning the Holstein Composition Award in 1925. During this time, race relations were horrific for Black citizens, and had been on a steady decline in Arkansas. Ms. Price’s application for membership in the Arkansas Music teachers Association was denied. Then, the lynching of a Black man accused of assaulting a White woman had a great impact on the lives of many Black families, including her own. As a result, Mr. and Mrs. Price moved their family to Chicago in 1927, where she would remain for the rest of her life.

Ms. Price’s successes, as well as those of contemporaries such as William Grant Still (1895 – 1978) and William Dawson (1899-1990), occurred during what is known as the Negro Renaissance. Ms. Price and her colleagues pursued formal studies of music composition, bringing a new approach to the manner in which nationalistic elements were incorporated into their creations. Her music included the melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic flavor of her musical heritage with the traditions oF Western classical music. Ms. Price was one of the earliest Black American composers to successfully bridge this gap.

Ms. price wrote many piano pieces appropriate for the pedagogical work in which she was so heavily involved. A number of these have piqued the interests of scholars. Three Little Negro Dances, published by Presser Publishers, originally appeared as solo piano pieces and was later arranged by Ms. Price for two pianos as wells as for symphonic band. Other piano titles that reflected Ms. Price’s intent to write for younger students were The Gnat and the Bee, and Doll Waltz.

In 1932, Ms. Price won four awards during the Wannamaker Competition, one of which was for Symphony in E Minor.

Ms. Price also left a piano concerto and a work completed in 1935, Tecumseh, which was published by Carl Fischer. Ms. Price contributed symphonies for orchestra: three numbered symphonies (Symphony in E Minor played by a U.S. orchestra, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra) and several concertos for orchestra, piano or violin. Violin for Concerto No. 2 was written just one year later before her death. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Chicago Women’s Orchestra performed her Piano Concerto in One Movement. Along with Presser and Fischer, Summy, Clayton, Oxford Piano Course, and Silver Burdette have published her works.

In addition to her classical compositions, Ms. Price was also known for writing commercials for radio, a lucrative aspect of the music business, yet on the other hand considered less of an expectation among more “traditional” classical composers. Ms. Price went on to become a member of the prestigious American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP). Her works have been performed by other symphonies such as the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra, and the United States Marine Band.

Famous artists who have performed her works include Marian Anderson, Roland Hayes, Leontyne Price, Todd Duncan, and William Warfield.

Ms. Price wrote more than 300 musical works, among her most known pieces are:  Sonata in E Minor, Fantasie Negre, Mississippi River Suite, Symphony No. 3 in C Minor, as well as Symphony in E Minor.

On June 3, 1953, Ms. Florence Beatrice Smith Price died of a stroke.

While Ms. Price’s music may not have become standard in the repertoire amongst pianists, American symphony orchestras, or other performers, since her death, it is a beneficial gift to the music world that her profound contributions did not become lost to history.

In 1986, Ms. Price’s Symphony in E Minor was given rebirth through a performance by the North Arkansas Symphony Orchestra, as a birthday remembrance performed during the month of Ms. Price birth month of April. The performance was held at the University of Arkansas, the home of more than eighty scores by Ms. Price in the Special Collections Division of the university library. The life and music of Ms. Florence Beatrice Smith Price may have come full circle. Her start began in Arkansas, peaked in Chicago, and returned home for the final stage of development–settling into a place in music history.

1.

Kaleidoscope: Music by African-American Women by Margaret Bonds, Florence B. Price, Lettie Beckon Alston, Regina Harris Baiocchi and Valerie Capers (Audio CD – 1997)

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2.

Soulscapes: Piano Music by African American Women by L. Viola Kinney, Valerie Capers, Dorothy Rudd Moore, Undine Smith Moore and Florence B. Price (Audio CD – 2006)

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REFERENCES:

“Florence Smith Price”, by Mellasenah Morris, from Black Women in America, by Darlene Clark Hine, et. al. Oxford University Press, 2005.

Florence Beatrice Smith Price, Correspondence, Musical Scores, and Other Papers (1906 -1975)

The Encyclopedia of Arkansas: Florence Beatrice Smith Price

Florence Beatrice Price: American Composer, Arranger and Teacher

AUDIO SAMPLES:

Symphony No. 3 in C Minor

Cotton Dance

Silk Hat and Walking Cane

ANCIENT NUBIA AND THE LAND OF PUNT

When I hold my love close, and her arms steal around me, I’m like a man translated to Punt … when the world suddenly bursts into flower.

Ancient Egyptian love song

Nubia was the ancient land known as Kush in what is present-day Sudan. The ancient Land of Punt originally encompassed what is now known as Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia. 

At the height of its glory, the Land of Punt was a prestigious commerce, military and economic center, and had a profound effect on the culture of the Egyptians.

Nubia also had a great influence on Egypt. Even the way the Nubians wore their hair was copied by the Egyptians.

Abu Simbel was originally located in Nubia.

Abu Simbel.

The facial features of the smaller statues at the feet of Ramses II are Nubian, even in the hairstyles (some of which were a type of Afro as well as braided hairstyles similar to what Black American women wear) was a beauty that the queens of Egypt wanted to be in the afterlife. Nubians, in ancient Egyptian texts, were referred to as a sign of beauty. One of the Egyptian lyrics went:

“I wish my lover was a Nubian.”

Kemsit, the Nubian queen of the Egyptian King Mentuhotep II (2061-2010 B.C.), and her servants; from a painting in her tomb chamber wall; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; from Naville, The XI Dynasty Temples at Deir el-Bahri III (London: Egypt Exploration Fund, 1913), pl 3.

Kemsit was sometimes called Kemsiyet and Khemsait. She was buried in Mentuhotpe’s mortuary complex at Thebes. Her sarcophagus had inscriptions calling her the “Sole Favorite of the King”, but this was on other female’s sarcophagi as well.

As a nation, the Land of Punt was the source of trade in items that could be found nowhere else but in Africa;  ebony (black wood), ivory (from elephants), baboons, gold, myrrh and frankincense (two aromatic woods that are mentioned in the Bible).

Two Somali young men with a day’s collection. Frankincense is collected in mountain regions.

Frankincense and myrrh were cultivated from tree resins. Frankincense was a very expensive commodity and was heavily traded in ancient times from Nubia, the Land of Punt, Egypt, Rome, and into the Middle East. It was used as a perfume, for medicinal treatments and as an incense.

Myrrh, slightly less expensive, was still a valued commodity that was in demand. It was used to perfume clothing, as an incense, and for embalming.

The frankincense tree grows in arid regions of the Horn of Africa (Ethiopia and Somalia). The tree’s amber-colored resin, collected through an incision in the bark.

In what is now Sudan and South Sudan, Kush/Nubia flourished along the White Nile, Blue Nile and Atbara River. Some of its principal cities were Meroe (city of the great Nubian pyramids, city of the oldest college in Africa for 2,000 years), Kerma (Nubia’s first capital–a 5,000 year old African city–built before Stonehenge), and Musawarrat es Sufra. Some of Nubia’s religious temples are much older than the Parthenon.

 

A decade ago, there was an archaeological excavation in progress that was unearthing a city that the ruins indicated was 5,000 years older than the pyramids of Giza–making the site the oldest city in Africa. And in 2002, the remains of a palace and a colonnade built more than 2,000 years ago by the greatest black civilization ever were discovered.

Nubia also had prominent Nubian queens whose courage, command of their people, and tenacity in ruling and in battle, gave them a goddess-like stature in the eyes of both their people, allies, and enemies.

A Nubian Princess in her ox-chariot, from the Egyptian tomb of Huy, 1320 BC.

One such queen was Kandace Amanirenas of Meroe.

An historian of the time stated that “This queen had courage above her sex”.

She led her armies into battle and defeated three Roman cohorts, defacing a statue of Emperor Augustus, bringing the head of the statue back to Nubia as a prize. The head was buried in the doorway of an important building as the final act of contempt and disrespect.

The divine right of king passed from god to ruler, leaving no room for a maternal ruler. On the other hand, Nubian queens are often portrayed at the event of divine birth.

The Goddess Hathor. Sculpture, Egypt, 1320-1200 BC, 18TH Dynasty.

One such queen was Amanishaketo (10 BC-0). She was the daughter of a queen and the wife of a brother whom she survived.

Fragment of Relief
Painted and gilded stucco.
This representation of the queen, shows the sumptuous jewelry adorning her neck and arms. The entire figure was covered with gold foil, while the background was painted blue, creating the illusion of a faience tile. (To read about faience  tile, click  here.) The queen holds a decorative collar with both hands, and a mirror with one; both objects are intended as offerings for a missing deity standing to the left.

Her successor was her daughter, Amanitore, who was mentioned in the Bible (Acts 8:27).

The Egyptians called the Land of Punt Ta netjer, “land of the gods” (-in reverence of the Egyptian Sun God) and they called the  Nubian kingdom  Ta Seti, “land of the bow”. The Romans called the present-day people of Sudan Nubians; the Greeks called the ancient people of the Land of Punt, Ethiopians (Aithiopia:  “burned face”). Nubia was conquered by Egypt when Egypt was at its most powerful. Egypt ruled much of Nubia between 2000 B.C. and 1000 B.C., but when Egypt collapsed into civil war, Nubian pharaohs ruled Egypt between 800 B.C. to 700 B.C. Before Egypt ruled Nubia, archaelogical excavations show that the earliest influences on Egypt came from Nubia, not the other way around.

The Nubians conquered Egypt and left their mark on Egypt, with many of their customs and traditions adopted by the Egyptians.

Sailing on the sea, and making a good start for God’s Land. Making landfall safely at the terrain of Punt….

—from Hatshepsut’s temple at Deir el-Bahri

Two of the most famous famous pharaohs in Nubia/Egypt history are Taharka and Pianky.

Pianky (pēängˈkē, –ăngˈ–) or Pianki,aka Piye: king of ancient Nubia (c.741–c.715 B.C.). After subduing Upper Egypt, he defeated (c.721 B.C.) Tefnakhte, lord of Saïs, who had just completed the conquest of Lower Egypt. Piankhi was also victorious at Memphis. He returned (c.718 B.C.) to his Nubian capital, Napata, and erected a granite stele on which he inscribed an account of his campaigns. Piankhi’s rule in Egypt was too brief to achieve much; immediately after his withdrawal Tefnakhte reestablished his rule of Lower Egypt.

Taharka is mentioned in the Bible, (Isaiah 37:8-9, & 2 Kings 19:8-9).

Taharka (təhärˈkə)  or Tirhakah tērˈəkə, tērhäˈkə, d. 663 B.C., king of ancient Egypt, last ruler of the XXV dynasty; son of Pianky. Before he was king, at the age of 20, he led the Egyptians against Sennacherib, who disastrously defeated him. Seizing (688 B.C.) the throne by force, Taharka established a residence at Tanis. In 671 he lost Memphis and Lower Egypt to the Assyrians under Esar-Haddon. On the withdrawal of the Assyrians, Taharka again entered Lower Egypt, only to be expelled (667) by Assurbanipal. He restored the temples at Napata.

SOURCE:   The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia

Shabti of Taharka.  Ankerite. Third Intermediate Period, Dynasty XXV, c. 690-664 BC. From Nuri, pyramid 1.  SOURCE

Granite sphinx of Taharqo, 25th Dynasty from a temple at Kawa. Now residing in the British Museum, London.  SOURCE

There were expeditions to the Land of Punt by Egyptian Pharaohs, but the one organized by Queen Hatshepsut is the most memorable and well-documented.

During her reign, Queen Hatshepsut (Hatasu) of the 18th dynasty (1473-1458 BC), sent an expedition to the Land of Punt to make trade and commerce with the king and queen who ruled Punt:  the Prince (“Great”) of Punt, Parihu, and his wife, Princess Ati. Hieroglyphics  of this voyage is left behind as temple reliefs in Deir el-Bahri:

The Land of Punt was known for its warriors and bowmen, who were known and feared by those who saw them in battle.

Nubia was Africa’s earliest black civilization which traces its history from 3800 BC, through Nubian monuments and artifacts, and through the written records of Rome and Egypt.

Tomb of Huy, about 1342-1333 BC.

Huy, Viceroy of Nubia buried at Qurnat Murai. The three wall paintings show a procession of Nubian princes, carrying rings and bags of gold, arriving in Egypt, from the Theban tomb of Huy, who was the “King’s Son of Kush” under Egyptian Pharoah Tutankhamun.

To the ancient Greeks, Romans and Egyptians, the ancient Land of Punt and Nubia were lands of great beauty and natural wealth, of fascinating people, of gold mines, ebony, ivory, fantastic animals, and incense–wealth prized by their neighbors. Today, the people of what was once the Land of Punt are now known as Somalis, Ethiopians, and Eritreans. Though Sudan remained the homeland of the Nubians, today their descendants with a population of 300,000, live in both Sudan and Egypt. The Aswan Dam brought devastation to the Nubians, flooding over 500 square miles of their land. After the building of the Aswan High Dam in 1960, many Nubian monuments that had stood the tests of time were flooded over with water. Many ancient monuments were lost forever. Some monuments were dismantled and reassembled at new locations in Sudan and Egypt. The Nubians lost their ancient homeland in the 1960s when many of them during the great exodus moved to Egypt. But, many of them stayed to live in the land of their ancestors. Even then, they still faced more sufferings with displacement and relocation from their homeland during the buildings of dams, as well as the callous neglect and disrespect shown towards their magnificent history.

The Nubians have lived though so much through the millennia, but, their culture and heritage stills remains. The Nubian people of today still have their indigenous language, dress, customs, music and dances.

Nubians are still fiercely independent, carriers of an ancient culture that has managed to remain vibrant in the face of insurmountable odds.

REFERENCES:

“RISE OF THE BLACK PHAROAHS“, PBS/NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC VIDEO: This video explores the history of the Kush/Nubians who ruled Egypt as pharaohs for 100 years. The video explodes racist myths that black-skinned African pharaohs did not conquer and rule ancient Egypt. The video will remain up until October 1, 2017 for viewing.

1.

Wonders of the African World Starring Henry Louis Gates (Oct 21, 2003)

 (10 customer reviews)

DVD

2. Who Are the Nubians? (Wysinger Homestead)

IN REMEMBRANCE: 7-24-2011

AMY WINEHOUSE, BRITISH SOUL SINGER WITH A TROUBLED LIFE

Juan Medina/Reuters

Amy Winehouse at a music festival near Madrid in 2008. More Photos »

By BEN SISARIO

Published: July 23, 2011

 

Amy Winehouse, the British singer who found worldwide fame with a sassy, hip-hop-inflected take on retro soul, yet became a tabloid fixture as her problems with drugs and alcohol led to a strikingly public career collapse, was found dead on Saturday in her apartment in London, the police said. She was 27.

 

Multimedia

Slide Show

Amy Winehouse

 

 

Related

• An Appraisal: For Winehouse, Life Was Messier Than Music(July 25, 2011)

• Times Topic:Amy Winehouse

July 24, 2011

Matt Dunham/Associated Press

Ms. Winehouse in 2007. Her album “Back to Black” established her as a fresh voice in music. More Photos »

July 24, 2011

Michael Buckner/Getty Images

Amy Winehouse with Blake Fielder-Civil in 2007. More Photos »

The cause was not immediately known. The police said that they were investigating the circumstances of the death, but that “at this early stage it is being treated as unexplained.”

With a husky, tart voice and a style that drew equally from the sounds of Motown and the stark storytelling of rap, Ms. Winehouse became one of the most acclaimed young singers of the past decade, selling millions of albums, winning five Grammy Awards and starting a British retro-R&B trend that continues today.

Yet, almost from the moment she arrived on the international pop scene in early 2007, Ms. Winehouse appeared to flirt with self-destruction. She sang of an alcohol-soaked demimonde in songs like “Rehab” — whose refrain, “They tried to make me go to rehab/I said, ‘No, no, no,’ ” crystallized Ms. Winehouse’s persona — and before long it seemed to spill over into her personal life and fuel lurid headlines.

The interplay between Ms. Winehouse’s life and art made her one of the most fascinating figures in pop music since Kurt Cobain, whose demise in 1994 — also at age 27 — was preceded by drug abuse and a frustration with fame as something that could never be escaped. Yet in time, the notoriety from Ms. Winehouse’s various drug arrests, public meltdowns and ruined concerts overshadowed her talent as a musician, and her career never recovered.

On Saturday, as the news of Ms. Winehouse’s death spread, many musicians took to Twitter with deep sadness but no surprise. Lily Allen, who rose through the British pop scene shortly after Ms. Winehouse, called her “such a lost soul.” The singer Josh Groban wrote: “Drugs took her gift, her soul, her light, long before they took her life. RIP Amy.”

As much as her misfortunes eventually took on a sense of predictability, when Ms. Winehouse arrived with her breakthrough second album “Back to Black,” which was released in Britain in late 2006 and in the United States the next year, she was a fresh voice with a novel take on pop history. She spoke of her love for Frank Sinatra, Thelonious Monk and Motown, as well as Nas, the hard-core New York rapper with a sharp eye for narrative detail.

Her greatest love, however, was the 1960s girl groups, something that was evident from the instantly recognizable beehive hairdo and Cleopatra makeup that she borrowed from the Ronettes. In an interview with The Los Angeles Times in 2007, Ms. Winehouse explained how a breakup had inspired the songs on “Back to Black,” and described her state of mind in terms of music and alcohol.

“I didn’t want to just wake up drinking, and crying, and listening to Shangri-Las, and go to sleep, and wake up drinking, and listening to the Shangri-Las,” she said. “So I turned it into songs, and that’s how I got through it.”

Amy Jade Winehouse was born in Southgate, London, on Sept. 14, 1983. Her mother, Janis, was a pharmacist, and her father, Mitch, was a cab driver who nursed a love for music. They both survive her, along with a brother, Alex.

Ms. Winehouse showed an early talent for performing, as well as an eclecticism that would characterize her later work. She loved her father’s Sinatra records, but she also liked hip-hop; at age 10 she and a friend formed a rap group called Sweet ’n’ Sour that Ms. Winehouse later described as “the little white Jewish Salt-N-Pepa.” (Ms. Winehouse was the “sour” half.)

She attended the Sylvia Young Theater School in London and later went to the BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology, a free performing arts school there that counts several other recent female pop stars among its alumnae, including Ms. Allen and Adele, another young singer who is sometimes seen as picking up the neo-soul mantle from Ms. Winehouse.

In 2003, at age 19, Ms. Winehouse released her first album, “Frank.” Influenced by jazz, it established her as a rising star in Britain. But “Back to Black,” recorded with the producers Mark Ronson and Salaam Remi, and the Brooklyn retro-soul band the Dap-Kings, made her an international sensation. With thick horns and club-ready hip-hop beats, the album was a darkly stylish update of classic 1960s R&B, and it was adored by critics and the public alike.

According to Nielsen SoundScan, which tracks music sales, Ms. Winehouse has sold 2.7 million albums and 3.4 million tracks in the United States.

Yet, while “Rehab” was still climbing the charts, Ms. Winehouse made headlines for drug binges and arrests that left her hospitalized and forced her to cancel concert dates.

In October 2007, Ms. Winehouse and her husband at the time, Blake Fielder-Civil, were arrested in Norway on charges of marijuana possession. A month later, Mr. Fielder-Civil was arrested and accused of perverting the course of justice by trying to bribe the victim in a bar fight not to testify against him. (Ms. Winehouse and Mr. Fielder-Civil divorced in 2009.)

Perhaps the peak of Ms. Winehouse’s career was the 2008 Grammy Awards. She was nominated for six prizes and took home five, including Best New Artist. Yet even days before the show, her appearance there was uncertain because of visa problems. In the end, she performed by satellite from London.

Although Ms. Winehouse has not made an album since “Back to Black,” she tried to revive her career several times. In a recent interview with The New York Times, Ms. Winehouse’s father, who released a jazz album this year, said she had been in good health lately. (Mr. Winehouse was scheduled to perform at the Blue Note jazz club in New York on Monday, but canceled after learning of his daughter’s death.)

Yet Ms. Winehouse’s most recent comeback attempt faltered badly. Last month, she canceled a European tour after a performance in Belgrade on the first night, during which she appeared to be too intoxicated to perform properly.

James C. McKinley Jr., Ravi Somaiya and Julia Werdigier contributed reporting.

Juan Medina/Reuters

Amy Winehouse at a music festival near Madrid in 2008.

Ms. Winehouse, the British singer who found worldwide fame with a sassy, hip-hop-inflected take on retro soul, became a tabloid fixture because of addiction problems.

• Slide Show | Times Topic:Amy Winehouse

An Appraisal

For Winehouse, Life Was Messier Than Music

By JON PARELES

Under better circumstances, Amy Winehouse’s “Back to Black” would have been a foundation for a maturing catalog.

SOURCE

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JOE LEE WILSON, A LEADER OF THE ’70S LOFT-JAZZ MOVEMENT

By PETER KEEPNEWS

Published: July 22, 2011

Joe Lee Wilson, an acclaimed singer who was also a leader of the loft-jazz movement in the 1970s, died on Sunday at his home in Brighton, England. He was 75.

July 23, 2011

Sherry Brown/Tulsa World

Joe Lee Wilson last fall.

The cause was congestive heart failure, his wife, Jill, said.

Mr. Wilson, a baritone with a resonant, seductive voice in the tradition of Billy Eckstine and a style rooted in the blues of his native Southwest, seemed destined for big things when he signed with Columbia Records in 1969. But for reasons that remain unclear, most of the recordings he made for Columbia were not released, and although he went on to record for various small labels, and to enjoy critical praise and some success — especially in Europe, where he spent the last three decades of his life — he stayed largely under the radar for most of his career.

In the early 1970s Mr. Wilson became closely associated with the jazz avant-garde, working with the saxophonist Archie Shepp and other exponents of free jazz. In 1972 he was among the organizers of the New York Musicians’ Jazz Festival, featuring avant-gardists who felt snubbed by the Newport Jazz Festival, which was presented in New York for the first time that summer. A year later, Mr. Wilson was on the Newport-New York bill.

At around the same time, Mr. Wilson opened the 100-seat Ladies’ Fort in a basement on Bond Street in NoHo. It quickly became one of the most noteworthy of the do-it-yourself musician-run performance spaces in Lower Manhattan, known generically as jazz lofts, which served as valuable showcases and workshops for more experimental types of jazz at a time when musicians were finding employment opportunities scarce and nightclubs were going out of business.

The Ladies’ Fort was a shoestring operation, generating more enthusiasm than money. “Since we were turned down for a grant, we pay the musicians by giving them two-thirds of the receipts we take in at the door,” Mr. Wilson told The New York Times in 1977. “The other third goes for the rent. Which is two months behind.” The Ladies’ Fort closed in 1979.

Joseph Lee Wilson was born on Dec. 22, 1935, in Bristow, Okla., to Stella and Ellis Wilson. He moved to Los Angeles when he was 15 and attended the Los Angeles Conservatory, where he studied opera, and Los Angeles City College. He began singing with local bands in 1958 and moved to New York in 1962, where he worked with Sonny Rollins, Freddie Hubbard and others.

In addition to his wife, whom he married in 1976, he is survived by a daughter, Naima Wilson, of Los Angeles.

Daniel E. Slotnik contributed reporting.

SOURCE

******************************************************************

MAGNUS MALAN, APARTHEID DEFENDER

By DOUGLAS MARTIN

Published: July 18, 2011

 

Magnus Malan, a South African general and defense minister who in the 1980s helped devise and carry out his nation’s last-ditch strategy to preserve its system of rigid racial segregation, including ordering raids into surrounding countries, died on Monday in Cape Town. He was 81.

July 19, 2011

Mike Hutchings/Reuters

Gen. Magnus Malan, South Africa’s former defense minister, at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 1997.

A family spokesman said the cause was heart failure, The South African Press Association reported.

General Malan used the phrase “total onslaught” to describe the threats to apartheid, as the country’s racial laws were known. He saw those threats coming from Communists, neighboring African countries and liberals in the United States. His answer was “a total strategy,” combining elements of the political, economic and psychological spheres as well as the military.

He approved counterinsurgencies in Mozambique and Angola; set up a covert agency responsible for disinformation and assassination; sent troops to control unrest in so-called townships, areas designated for blacks; and declared that political rights were not a relevant concern for blacks. He and his aides regularly used terms like “annihilate” and “exterminate.” He approved a biological warfare program.

He also created programs to win the support of middle-class blacks by easing restrictions on black businesses and opening some hotels, theaters and restaurants to blacks.

General Malan was charged with authorizing an assassination squad that mistakenly killed 13 civilians, mainly women and children, in 1987. He was the highest-ranking apartheid official ever prosecuted. He was acquitted in 1996 after a seven-month trial on the ground that there was no evidence linking him to the massacre. President Nelson Mandela, without commenting on the substance of the verdict, defended the court’s legitimacy.

In 1997, General Malan volunteered to testify before South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which investigated atrocities in the country’s past. He accepted responsibility for the cross-border counterinsurgencies and for setting up the secret police agency, and for the deaths they caused. But he characterized the actions as “legal acts of state.”

The commission condemned General Malan and other top government leaders for using words like “eliminate,” “take out” and “wipe out,” a predilection that it said led to the killing of political opponents. It also condemned the assassination teams. It passed these findings on to prosecutors, who for reasons of “national interest” did not take up the case.

Magnus Andre De Merindol was born in Pretoria on Jan. 30, 1930, and later adopted his mother’s surname, Malan. His father was a biochemistry professor who went on to become a member of Parliament and parliamentary speaker for the National Party, which governed South Africa from 1948 to 1994.

He tried to join the Army at 13, then returned to school after he was rejected. He earned a bachelor’s degree in military science from the University of Pretoria; joined the Navy; and served a stint in the Marines on Robben Island, site of the prison where Mr. Mandela was held. He transferred to the Army as a lieutenant, rising rapidly, and studied at the United States Army’s General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., in 1962-63.

By the early 1970s, General Malan had come to epitomize the sort of modern military technocrat whose influence was rising in South Africa. He was named chief of the South African Army in 1973 and chief of the South African Defense Force in 1976. He was the youngest man to hold both positions.

Prime Minister P. W. Botha, who had come to rely on General Malan as chief of the defense force, named him his defense minister in 1980. He rose to become chairman of the minister’s council in the House of Assembly, the lower house of Parliament.

But his real power came from being part of the secretive group of military and political commanders that became known as “securocrats.” He presided over a budget of nearly $4 billion, of which 60 percent was controlled by an inner group of the cabinet. He approved the innocuously named Civil Cooperation Bureau, which became known for assassinations and other covert deeds.

In his testimony to the truth commission, General Malan said: “During these periods we are talking about, 1980 to 1991, we were fighting a war. I had more than 100,000 troops under training or busy with operations. So we were pretty much busy. We had a front approximately as far as London is from Moscow.”

General Malan led the talks that paved the way for Namibia’s independence in 1990, ending its status as a colony of South Africa. In July 1991, President F. W. de Klerk removed him from the defense ministry in the wake of embarrassment over secret government financing of a mainly black party that opposed Mr. Mandela’s African National Congress. He moved General Malan to the ministry for water affairs and forestry. General Malan retired from Parliament in 1993.

He is survived by his wife of 49 years, the former Magrietha van der Walt; two sons; a daughter; and nine grandchildren.

SOURCE

SKYWATCH: PLUTO’S NEW MOON, CLOSE-UPS OF VESTA, AND MORE

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A Closer Peek at Vesta

July 22, 2011 | This week, Earth was hit by a barrage of intriguing images of Vesta. Courtesy NASA’s asteroid-probe, Dawn! > read more

Hubble Spots New Moon Orbiting Pluto

July 20, 2011 | Astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope have discovered a new moon orbiting the icy planet Pluto. > read more

Sky & Telescope September 2011

July 22, 2011 | Sky & Telescope‘s September 2011 issue is now available to digital subscribers. > read more

Massive Meteorite Found in China

July 22, 2011 | A team of Chinese researchers trekked to a remote mountaintop in the Xinjiang region and identified one of the largest meteorites known. > read more

A New Radio Observatory in Space

July 18, 2011 | With the long-awaited (and long-overdue) launch of Russia’s Spektr-R spacecraft, radio astronomers can look forward to resolving never-before-possible details in the dynamic cores of active galaxies and other exotic targets. > read more

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May 20, 2011 | The two brightest asteroids are fairly close to each other in 2011. Click here for instructions and charts to find them. > read more

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June 30, 2011 | Look low in the west at sunset to spy fleet Mercury, toward southwest for Saturn, and in the south for red-hued Antares, the “rival of Mars.” > read more

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June 3, 2011 | Our popular Interactive Sky Chart will be unavailable for an indeterminate period. > read more

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This Week’s Sky at a Glance

July 22, 2011 | Saturn is sinking at dusk, Jupiter is climbing ever higher in the early morning, and the bright asteroid Vesta — accompanied by NASA’s DAWN spacecraft! — is nearing opposition. > read more

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Let the Star Parties Begin!

April 14, 2011 | Want to gaze at the Milky Way all night or peer into the eyepiece of a 12-foot-tall telescope? Then escape the city lights and head for the nearest “star party.” > read more

KELLY RIPA’S ARCHAIC VIEW ON FEMINISM AND DINING ETIQUETTE

Kelly Ripa will never be mistaken for a feminist, as the following video divulges:

Click  here to view the video.

Where, oh where, do I begin? Let me count the ways.

The gist of the video has to do with Regis Philbin and Kelly Ripa, of Regis and Kelly, discussing Zagat’s 10 New Rules of Dining Etiquette when the question of who pays came up.

Regis started the discussion when he read that “men and women should be treated as equals”. Then Ripa utters the insane question, “What does that mean?”

Geeze, Louise, woman, you have to ask what does equal mean?

It means that whomever asks a person out, man or woman, pays for the dinner, drinks, and dessert (if any). It means that if a man asks me out, I expect him to pay. If I ask him out, I expect to pay. It is called being equals.

There are times when a woman wishes to pay for the man’s meal but cannot due to lack of finances (just lost her job, death in family, makes less money than he does), but, my dear Ms. Ripa, you do not know the times when a woman does want to pay for the man’s dinner, or just to be able to treat him to a nice night on the town.

It is called being more than equals; it is called being considerate and doing something nice for him.

Then Ms. Ripa really goes off on a wild tangent with this:  “Any feminist out there that disagrees with me, I am sorry, but it’s gone ridiculous now.”

Then again, my dear Kelly, you need a history lesson on what a feminist is, so I suggest you click on the following photos to enlighten yourself:

A true feminist stands for and speaks up for all:  women, children, elderly, black, white—and men.

Then Regis continues that “Men are more likely to pay the bill”, when Ms. Ripa retorts with “As they should!”

“As they should”? Where in the canons of dating is it chisled in stone that the man must always pay? Even if the woman was the one asking him out?

Then she goes on to say that she paid for a date once, as the check sat there “for an inordinate amount of time”. My question is this:  Who asked whom out on the date? That was never made clear by Ms. Ripa.

And where has it “gone ridiculous now where women have to pay for everything?”

Yes, if you are a single woman you definitely have to pay your own way:  house or rent note; utilities; food and medical bills.

But, where is it written that women are doing all of this paying?

Then the real doozy:

“We give birth, and you have to pick up the check”.

So, Ms. Ripa, are you saying that women who have given birth do not have to pick up the check at all, even once in a while because they jettisoned a baby out of their vaginal orifice? That giving birth is on the same par as lobster in vanilla sauce or cheeseburger and fries with a Diet Coke? And what about the women who have never given birth? Where does that leave them? That statement is so insulting to all women on so many levels, not to mention insulting to men.

“Maybe the guy should impress her and pick up the check”.

Umm, yeah, if he asked her out. But, if it is not a date, but a meeting of two people who’ve just met, over coffee, tea or sodas, then they spilt the tab. On the other hand, if the woman makes more than the man, her occasionally picking up the tab should not be a serious blow to his manhood.

“Maybe he should hold out her chair once in a while, too”.

I agree with that, as I have held doors open for men with packages in their arms, pulled chairs out for them because of their senior age. A little chivalry on everyone’s part, both men and women, never has hurt.

And ya’ know, often sometimes it is in the woman’s best interest to pay for dinner, especially if she has gotten ahold of a man who expects sex for dinner. (“I paid, so she should put out.”)

Sheesh.

But, readers, whom do you think should pay?

COLORLINES: FOX NEWS’ MAD RAP GAME

 

July 21, 2011 Colorlines.com Direct | Published by the Applied Research Center You Maaad!—How Fox News Uses Hip-Hop to Create Race Panics Adriel Luis and Nico Cary explain how the network uses black rappers to scare white parents, court their kids and make millions. It’s Time to Lift the Debt Burden Wall Street Loaded Onto Our Backs Banks have spent tens of millions trying to protect a predatory financial industry from accountability. Kai Wright says we can’t let them get their money’s worth. Also: What Obama’s Elizabeth Warren Retreat Says About His Power Problem 70 Percent of Anti-LGBT Murder Victims Are People of Color A new report finds shocking levels of violence against LGBT people of color, MIchael Lavers talks to local-level organizers about solutions. Lady Wowza: 3 of the Worst Commercials in Advertising History In an attempt at rebranding, Summer’s Eve feminine hygiene products now have a racially coded identity. It really stinks. Inmate Health Dwindles as Prison Hunger Strike Enters Fourth Week Some inmates have lost over 20 pounds, and the situation is fast becoming a matter of life or death. Black Prodigy’s Admission to UConn Revoked Amid Claims of Radical Poetry Autum Ashante is a 13-year-old with an IQ of 149. But she’s already being called the “racist poet” by some conservatives. Thousands of Migrant Kids Trapped Inside the World’s Border Politics Displaced war and poverty, fleeing abuse and violence, or just trying to find their parents, youth who get ensnared at U.S. and European border crossings often face bleak conditions, say human rights monitors. In the Fight Against HIV, a Breakthrough for Women of Color Two new studies involving heterosexual women and men reveal that taking a daily dose of HIV meds can decrease infection risk by well over 50 percent. That’s a “yay” for women of color who bear the brunt of the global pandemic.     COLUMNS Dispatches Movement Notes Global Justice Gender Matters HOT TOPICS DSK Rape Case Drug War ACTION CELEBRATE LOVE Colorlines.com on Facebook and Twitter   Colorlines.com is published by the Applied Research Center   San Francisco: “The W. Kamau Bell Curve: Ending Racism in About an Hour” One part manifesto, one part diatribe, and several parts funny. Kamau Bell returns to San Francisco for two special performances of his comedy show and is offering Colorlines.com readers $10 tickets! Get your tickets online and use discount code: colorlines. Both shows feature Kamau in a post-show talkback and Q&A session with the audience hosted by Colorlines.com.

HATEWATCH: SUSPECT IN KLAN KILLINGS DIES AT 88

 

Suspect in Klan Killings Dies at 88

Time running out in probe of civil rights workers’ slayings

 10:37 PM, Jul. 18, 2011 |

Written by Jerry Mitchell

Former Philadelphia police officer Richard Willis has died, leaving two living suspects in the Klan’s killings of three civil rights workers in 1964.

Family members held a funeral service last week for Willis, 88, of Noxapater.

In 1967, 18 men were indicted on federal conspiracy charges in connection with the 1964 killings of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner.

FBI agents continue to investigate the case.

“The FBI and others need to move quickly, or they will die,” Goodman’s brother, David, said Monday. “They have the money. They have the authorization.”

Willis was among law enforcement officers in Philadelphia who reportedly carried out violence. He took part in the beatings of at least seven black men in 1963 and 1964, according to FBI records.

Cleo McDonald, who ran from Willis and another officer after they threatened him with castration, said Monday of Willis, “He raised enough hell in his younger days. He was a pistol. He really was. And there’s a few more still around here.”

The two living suspects are Olen Burrage, who owned the property where the bodies of the three civil rights workers were buried, and Pete Harris, an investigator for the White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Neither could be reached for comment.

Burrage told the FBI he knew nothing about the three men’s bodies being buried by a bulldozer on his property after midnight.

David Goodman said he knows about small communities because he has lived in them.

“If you went out after hours, neighbors would ask where you went,” he said. “Nothing happens of that nature without someone knowing about it.”

An informant told the FBI that Burrage had bragged beforehand about having a dam that would hold civil rights workers.

One of those involved in the killing party, Horace Doyle Barnette, told the FBI that Burrage met Klansmen after their deed was done and gave them gasoline to burn the trio’s station wagon.

As for Harris, he made calls on June 21, 1964, to gather Klansmen to abduct the three civil rights workers, FBI records show.

Under Mississippi law, a person who assists killers can be prosecuted. Known as accessories before the fact, they can be punished for the same crime as principals, legal experts say.

When FBI agents arrested Harris, a Meridian-area truck driver, on Dec. 4, 1964, they asked him if he approved of cold-blooded murder. “I don’t know, as I have never tried it,” documents show he replied.

Asked if he thought these killings were wrong, he responded, “I don’t know.”

That day, agents also found a list of dozens of Klansmen in his pocket, records show.

In the 1967 federal trial, Klansman James Jordan, who has since died, testified Harris was with him when they visited Sam Bowers, imperial wizard of the White Knights. Jordan said Bowers remarked that Schwerner was “a thorn in the side of everyone living, especially the white people, and that he should be taken care of.”

The night of the killings, Harris made telephone calls, gathering more Klansmen for the job, Jordan testified. When the Klansmen gathered to leave, Jordan said Harris told them he had to stay behind because he was a leader in the Klan.

About a month after the killings, Jordan testified, he and Harris met with Bowers, who praised their work in eliminating the three civil rights workers.

Time is running out, too, on other cases being examined by the FBI.

Stanley Nelson, editor of the Concordia Sentinel in Ferriday, La., said Monday that about a half dozen possible witnesses have died since agents reopened the Frank Morris murder case in 2007.

On Dec. 10, 1964, Klansmen attacked Morris, setting fire to his shoe shop. He died four days later.

Since February, a grand jury in Ferriday has been investigating Morris’ murder. That panel continues to meet.

In 2005, a Neshoba County jury convicted Edgar Ray Killen of three counts of manslaughter for helping orchestrate the killings of Chaney, Goodman and Schwerner. No one else has ever been tried for murder.

SOURCE

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These murderers are getting off scot-free by cheating the executioner. They may be able to avoid justice in this life, but, they will not escape the wrath of God’s retribution for the crimes they have committed.

Then again, that is what happens when the so-called government, in the form of the FBI, drag their feet with bringing these monsters to justice.

If the government really gave a damn it would have prosecuted these creatures when these crimes were committed over 45 years ago.

But, such actions convey the disregard that was shown towards those who fought to make this nation a better country–then, and now.

EGYPT AND THE MYTH OF AFRICAN INFERIORITY

Over at Abagond’s site he has put up a post on Egypt entitled, “Diop: Birth of the Negro Myth”, based on chapter two of Cheikh Anta Diop’s “The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality” (1974). The chapter centers around racist perceptions of Europeans that gave rise to the myth that Africans had no civilization, and that Egypt could not have been a black civilization:

“The myth is so firmly believed that the idea of ancient Egypt being a black civilization seems highly improbable if not laughable. So much so that when archaeologists find the remains of blacks in Egypt or the Middle East they are assumed – without the trouble of a proof – to be slaves.”

What is so very obvious is that in this mad push and desire to see Egypt as white (By Europeans), is another glaring fact that looms large:  Why is not Algeria, Morocco, or Libya claimed as white, or non-African? Why the major fixation on Egypt?

Egyptians, Ethiopians, Somalis, Nubians, Eritreans all share a common cultural, geography, and biblical history. After thousands of years of admixture—African, European, and Asiatic—Egypt, like much of North Africa is mixed:  semitic. Some civilizations and cultures defy categorization as black or white. But, its location on the continent of Africa makes Egyptians Africans. Most notably, during the reign of Queen Hatshepsut, the Egyptians also did commerce with what would be considered Africans:  buying frankincense,  myrrh, ebony, gold, spices, and ivory from the Land of Punt (in ancient Egyptin, Ta netjer, “land of the God”), located in what is now known as the Horn of Africa in northern Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea and the Red Sea coast of Sudan. 

Even Egypt has had black pharaohs on the throne:

-Taharka (Nefertemkhure) – 25TH Dynasty (690 BC – 664 BC): The Kushite pharaoh during his reign brought a period of stability to Egypt. When the Assyrians attacked Egypt in 671 BC, Taharka and his army fought them, but they were routed by Ashurbanipal. Taharka was the son of Piye, more well-known as Piankhy (Usermaatre/Sneferre), the Nubian king who previously conquered and ruled Egypt. Piankhy ruled from 747-716 BC. Taharka ruled 26 years as pharaoh. The Nubians also built pyramids, pyramids built in ancient Meroe, in present-day Sudan—pyramids that have just as fascinating a history as those built in Egypt:

The pyramid of Nuri, built by Taharka, is one of the most impressive of the Nubian pyramids.

Taharka is even mentioned in the Bible, in II Kings 19:9-10:

9  And when he heard say of Tirhakah king of Ethiopia Behold, he is come out to fight against thee: he sent messengers again unto Hezekiah, saying,

10 Thus ye shall speak to Hezekiah king of Judah saying, Let not thy God in whom thou trustest deceive thee, saying, Jerusalem shall not be delivered into the hand of the king of Assyria.”

Taharka is also mentioned in Isaiah, 37:9-10.

The Ethiopians are also creators of some of the world’s, and Africa’s, most beautiful artwork, manuscripts and buildings:

 

Adam & Eve, Abreja wa Atsabeha Church, Ethiopia.

 

 

Virgin Mary and Angels on mural in Abreha and Atsbeha church, Ethiopia.

 

 

 

An Ethiopian fresco of the Queen of Sheba (Kebra Nagast), traveling to meet King Solomon. The Kingdom of Sheba was located in what is now Ethiopia.

 

The Queen of Sheba, Makeda, is also mentioned in the Bible, I Kings, 10: 1-13 :

 

10:1 And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon concerning the name of the LORD, she came to prove him with hard questions.

10:2And she came to Jerusalem with a very great train, with camels that bare spices, and very much gold, and precious stones: and when she was come to Solomon, she communed with him of all that was in her heart.

10:3 And Solomon told her all her questions: there was not any thing hid from the king, which he told her not.

 

She is also mentioned in II Chronicles, 9: 1-12.

 

She is mentioned once in  Acts 8:27 ,as Candace “queen of the Ethiopians”.

 

 

Ancient ruins of Lalibela, Ethiopia.

The Ethiopians (“people with the burnt face”), like the Nubians (Sudanese), Eritreans, Somali, share linguistic and DNA genetic markers with present-day Egyptians.   Are Egyptians Africans? Yes.   Yes, Egypt is not the only civilization that racist Whites/Europeans have tried to claim. Case in point, great Zimbabwe was claimed by racists to have been founded by a lost Roman legion!         The fact is, Great Zimbabwe, featuring the Great Enclosure Wall, was built by the Bantu-speaking ancestors of today’s Shona people. Zimbabwe is one of the unique and marvelous monuments on the African continent–second only to the pyramids of the Nile Valley.   Were the Egyptians white? No.   Egypt as white, and not a part of Africa?   Not so.   Egypt is as African as Kenya, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Chad, Morocco, Uganda, and all the other 48 African nations.     REFERENCES:   1. Pharaohs and Kings by David M. Rohl (Paperback – Jun 24, 1997) (32)   2. Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): Vowels, Tone, Consonants, and Vocabulary (Voices from Asia) by Christopher Ehret (Paperback – Aug 30, 1995)   3.  Afrasian Languages, Igor M. Diakonov, Nauka Press, Moscow, 1988.   4.  King James Bible, II Kings and Isaiah, Old Testament.   5. Billy Gambela Blog, Afri-Asiatic Anthropology Blog.

BLACK WOMEN IN AMERICA: PORTIA MARSHALL WASHINGTON PITTMAN

Portia Marshall Washington Pittman (June 6, 1883 – February 26, 1978), the daughter of Tuskegee Institute’s founder Booker T. Washington, was a pianist, music teacher, and choral director. Born in Tuskegee, Alabama, she was an accomplished pianist by the time she was ten. After attending boarding schools in New England, she studied music at Wellesley College, Tuskegee Institute, and Bradford Academy, where she became the first Black graduate in 1905. (1)

Her mother, Fanny Norton Smith, was Booker Washington’s first wife. A graduate of Hampton Institute, and a “childhood sweetheart” of the famous leader, she was born in Malden, West Virginia. Portia, born on the Tuskegee campus, was their only child. Fannie died in 1889.

Although her privileged background gained her access to schools that were not available to other Black students, her experiences at those schools were shaped by the prevalent racism of the time, which, among other things, prevented her from living with other students. After graduating from Bradford she moved to Berlin, Germany to continue her piano studies, but she returned to Tuskegee in 1907 to marry architect William Sidney Pittman.

The Pittmans moved to Washington, DC, where their four children were born. After her husband’s business began to fail, the family moved to Dallas, Texas. There Portia Pittman established herself, directing school and church choirs, giving private music lessons, teaching in the public school system, and serving as chair of the education department of the Texas Association of Negro Musicians. Other accomplishments of Ms. Pittman are as follows:

In March 1927 the National Education Association held its annual convention in Dallas. Almost 7,500 teachers attended. A 600-voice choir from Booker T. Washington High School, under Portia’s direction, sang a medley of popular and spiritual songs. It was the first time in history that a black high school group had appeared on the NEA program. Tremendous applause and cries of “encore” rose after the performance, and a spontaneous sing-along erupted as audience and choir together sang spirituals and folk songs. NEA president Randall J. Condon, a Los Angeles principal, judged the performance a “complete success.” Later that summer Portia traveled to Columbia University in order to acquire academic credentials to allow her to continue teaching in the Dallas public schools.” (2)

 She now dedicated herself to a campaign to have her father’s Virginia birthplace preserved as a national monument. Before the success of that effort in May 1949, her efforts to memorialize her father bore fruit on May 23, 1946, when a bust of her father was installed in the Hall of Fame in New York, and also on August 7, 1946, when President Harry Truman signed a bill “authorizing the minting of five million Booker T. Washington commemorative fifty-cent coins.” Portia also oversaw the establishment of the Booker T. Washington Foundation to provide academic scholarships for black students. Though she had resolved to leave Texas behind her, she traveled to Dallas one last time to attend the funeral of her former husband, who died on February 19, 1958. (3)

In the later years of her life, Ms. Washington Pittman suffered from health and financial problems. Even still, she remained active in the civil rights of Black Americans, she was happy of the renewed interest in Black history during the 1960s, and that her father’s legacy as one of America’s great leaders would be remembered.

On February 26, 1978, Ms. Portia Marshall Washington Pittman died, in Washington, DC.

REFERENCES:

1.  Black Women in America, by Darlene Clark, et. al., Oxford University Press, 2005.

2.  The Handbook of Texas Online

3.  Ibid.